GRAPHICS OF COVERS OF ODESSA SATIRICAL PERIODICALS OF THE END OF XIX – THE BEGINNING OF XX CENTURY

Abstract

Purpose.  Investigate  the  features  of  the design  of  covers  and  pages  of  satirical publications  in  Odessa  in  the  late  XIX  –
early XX century. Identify the development and  general  features  of  the  design  of satirical  periodicals  of  Odessa  in  the  late XIX – early XX centuries. Methodology. The research methodology is  based  on  comparative  and  historical methods  that  help  to  trace  the  relevant
retrospective  of  the  development  of satirical  periodicals.  Applied  art  analysis allows  to  explore,  identify,  compare  and describe  the  features  of  the  design  of certain publications. Results. On the basis of examples and the processed literary sources graphic-stylistic
and technical features of artistic design of covers and pages of satirical periodicals of Odessa in the late XIX – early XX centuries are defined. The design of covers of such magazines  as  «Pchelka»,  «Crocodil», «Bomba»  is  analyzed.  It  was  found  that the  considered  editions  did  not  follow  a single  style  of  graphic  material,  but  this did  not  interfere  with  the  overall  design. Most  satirical  magazines  had  a symmetrical  hierarchical  cover composition  with  a  limited  polychrome palette.  The  development  of  humorous and  satirical  publications  from  simple leaflets with caricatures to magazines with high-quality  art  design  is  traced.  The semantic load of the visual material of the analyzed satirical editions is determined. Scientific novelty. The general features of artistic  design  of  covers  and  pages  of satirical  editions  of  Odessa  of  the  end  of XIX  –  the  beginning  of  XX  century  are defined.  Practical  significance.  The  given  data concerning  the  design  of  covers  and
pages of satirical magazines of Odessa of the  end  of  XIX  –  the  beginning  of  XX century  will  help  in  understanding  of traditions of the Ukrainian graphic design.