BIOCONVERSION OF ORGANIC WASTE – EUROPEAN EXPERIENCE AND UKRAINIAN PRACTICES

Abstract

Purpose. To analyze the peculiarities of compliance with the Directive 2008/98/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council in the field of management of agricultural waste in Ukraine and to identify the main problematic issues regarding the implementation of the European course of bioconversion of organic waste using modern EM technologies, taking into account the peculiarities of the agro-industrial complex of Ukraine.

Methodology. Analysis of current legal acts on waste management as well as literary sources regarding modern biotechnologies of waste processing.

Findings. An analysis of the peculiarities of the implementation of the provisions of the Directive 2008/98/EC in the field of management of agricultural waste in the EU and Ukraine was carried out; the problematic issues that lead to the complication of its implementation are indicated; state programs and plans aimed at spreading modern biotechnologies of organic (agricultural) waste processing, which take into account the peculiarities of the agro-industrial complex of Ukraine, were analyzed, recommendations regarding the effectiveness of using EM technologies in the practice of organic waste processing were given.

Originality. Problematic issues that prevent the full implementation of the provisions of the Directive 2008/98/EC in Ukraine regarding the management of organic waste are formulated, and the biotechnological approach to the bioconversion of organic waste, taking into account the provisions of the circular economy, is substantiated.

Practical value. Compliance with the main principles of the Directive 2008/98/EC made it possible to outline problematic issues regarding the European course of Ukraine in the direction of processing and utilization of agricultural waste; to find out on the basis of the provisions of the circular economy the effectiveness of the implementation of modern biotechnological solutions for the use of EM technologies, which are aimed at the simultaneous production of biofertilizer and biogas. Examples of cogeneration biogas technologies with the production of digestate and biomethane from the "Līgo" farm of Janis Winter in Latvia are presented, which successfully implement practical European experience, as well an example of the effectiveness of using EM technologies in the practice of processing vegetable waste such as potatoes, beets and carrots in Ukraine is given.