EFFECT OF POLYVINYLPYRROLIDONE AND NON-IONIC SURFACTANT ON THE PHASE SOLUBILITY OF DIOSMIN: THERMODYNAMICAL ANALYSIS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30857/2786-5371.2026.3.5Keywords:
thermodynamics, flavonoids, diosmin, polyvinylpyrrolidone, surfactant, phase solubility, active pharmaceutical ingredient, polymer, drugAbstract
Purpose. Study of the effect of the polymeric carrier polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) K-25 and the nonionic surfactant (surfactant) Tween 80 on the phase solubility of the flavonoid diosmin in an aqueous medium and determination of the thermodynamic parameters of the formed systems.
Methodology. The effect of PVP K-25 and its combination with Tween 80 on the phase solubility of diosmin in an aqueous medium was studied by the Higuchi-Connors method using UV spectrophotometry. The temperature dependence of the phase solubility of diosmin was studied in the range of 25.0–40.0 °C. Based on the obtained data, the stability and dissociation constants of the formed systems were calculated, as well as thermodynamic parameters - changes in Gibbs free energy, enthalpy and entropy. Statistical processing of the results was performed by the method of one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with a post-factorial Tukey HSD test at a significance level of p ≤ 0.05.
Findings. It was found that PVP K-25 increases the phase solubility of diosmin by 5.08 times due to the formation of soluble binary systems of the AL type according to the Higuchi-Connors classification, and in the ternary system with Tween 80 this indicator increases to 7.60 times due to the synergistic action of the solubilization properties of the polymer and the surfactant. Temperature is a determining factor in the phase solubility of diosmin in the studied systems - the maximum increase in the solubility indicator by 9.17 times is achieved at 40.0±0.5 °C. The positive temperature dependence is accompanied by a regular increase in the stability constant of the system from 782.9 M⁻¹ at 25.0±0.5 °C to 1602.1 M⁻¹ at 40.0±0.5 °C, which indicates an increase in intermolecular interaction between the components with increasing temperature. Having determined the thermodynamic indicators, it was found that negative values of Gibbs free energy confirm the spontaneous nature of the process in the entire studied temperature range, while positive values of enthalpy and entropy indicate the endothermic nature and an entropy-driven stabilization mechanism of the system, which increases with increasing temperature and concentration of the polymer carrier.
Originality. For the first time, the thermodynamic parameters of the phase solubility of diosmin in a ternary system with PVP K-25 and Tween 80 were studied. The endothermic and entropy-controlled nature of the process was established, and the temperature dependence of the stability of the studied system was substantiated.
Practical value. The established thermodynamic laws create a scientific basis for substantiating the technological parameters of the production and storage conditions of pharmaceutical systems based on diosmin with PVP K-25 and Tween 80. The endothermic nature of the process determines the feasibility of conducting technological stages at elevated temperatures, while the pronounced temperature dependence of the system stability constants necessitates the control of physical stability at the stages of cooling and subsequent storage.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Вікторія ЛИЖНЮК, Вадим ЛІСОВИЙ, Владислав УДОВИЦЬКИЙ, Ольга КОВАЛЕВСЬКА, Андрій ГОЙ, Володимир БЕССАРАБОВ
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