REGULATION OF THE PHYSICO-MECHANICAL PROPERTIES FOR THE ACRYLIC-URETHANE POLYMER MATERIALS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30857/2786-5371.2026.1.4%20Keywords:
polymer dispersions, polymer coatings, polyacrylate, polyurethane, acrylic-urethane dispersions, physico-mechanical propertiesAbstract
Objective. The aim of this work is to regulate the physical and mechanical properties of acrylic-urethane polymer materials by determining the rational ratio of components for the finishing composition.
Methodology. The study used polymer materials of various types: CRILAT 4815 (Vinavil, Italy), Impranil DLP-R (Covestro, Germany). Polymer films with a thickness of 0.2±0.05 mm were obtained by casting followed by drying and conditioning, with different ratios of dry residue of polyacrylic (PA) and polyurethane (PU) dispersions to investigate the properties of acrylic-urethane compositions. The elastic modulus, tensile strength, and relative elongation at break of the acrylic-urethane films were determined, as well as their swelling behavior in ethyl alcohol, butyl acetate, and carbon tetrachloride.
Findings. The mechanical behavior of acrylic-urethane polymer films was analyzed in comparison with that of pure polyurethane and polyacrylate polymer films. It was established that the presence of 30–40% polyurethane (by dry residue content) in the acrylic-urethane composition makes it possible to increase the tensile strength of the film to 12.9–13.3 MPa while simultaneously increasing its elasticity to 420–450%, compared to a film made from pure acrylic dispersion (tensile strength 10.5 MPa and elongation 233.3%). This increase in tensile strength of acrylic-urethane systems is likely associated with the formation of additional intermolecular bonds, accompanied by reduced mobility of molecular chains. The possibility of strong intermolecular interaction is confirmed by the increased resistance of acrylic-urethane films to the action of ethyl alcohol.
Originality. The results of the study indicate that it is possible to obtain textile coatings with desired physico-mechanical characteristics by varying the polyurethane content in acrylic-urethane polymer films.
Practical value. The use of water-dispersed systems based on acrylic and urethane polymers is proposed for modifying textile surfaces in order to impart new functional properties to products. This enables the creation of competitive fabrics with improved and stable properties, particularly for technical applications.
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